DLTs employs different consensus mechanisms, supports collaboration, fosters transparency, and enforces strict security (Tenorio-Fornes et al. 2021).ĭLT enables independent untrusted nodes to create an agreement regarding the state of a shared distributed ledger (Ghaemi et al. DLT is a distributed database that records data transactions on a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network protocol principles and enables several members to manage their own duplicate copy of a common ledger synchronized simultaneously in all nodes without the need for authorization from a dominant entity (Domalis et al. This has led to deployment of digital technologies such as Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) to help address the stated issues. But VEs are faced with issues such as privacy, security, ownership, governance, and trust required to create successful collaboration (Camarinha-Matos and Afsarmanesh 2007 Jnr et al. VEs are consortium of companies that come together to share core skills competencies, tangle, and intangible resources to better adopt to new business opportunities supported by deployment of digital technologies (Cardoso and Oliveira 2004 Camarinha-Matos and Afsarmanesh 2007). Findings from this study presents a layered architecture that aids IOTA Tangle to make requests, inter-communicate, and share data via RESTful application programming interface as gateway with other external digital platforms deployed by VE to achieve an interoperable eco-system.ĭigitalization has created a major shift on how organizations conduct business and prompted the development of Virtual Enterprises (VE) or virtual organization (Jnr and Petersen 2021). IOTA offers flexibility and performance to support a reliable digital solution. IOTA was employed as the DLT platform due to its data traceability, immutability, and tamper-proof features which allow for verification of integrity of data. Design science method is adopted, and case demonstration is carried out to show how IOTA Tangle enable VE to provide an innovative virtual asset payment platform for seamless electric mobility as a service to clients. Therefore, this paper presents a layered architecture that aids interoperability of DLT, and digital platforms based on IOTA Tangle. Presently, already proposed approaches for DLT interoperability such as naive relay, sidechain, oracle solutions notary scheme, or relay chain are mostly not employed as they are either resource-intensive or too expensive to operate. It is inevitable to orchestrate these digital platforms fragments by introducing a cross-DLT platform integration to govern data usage within VE. DLT interoperability represents the ability for one distributed ledger platform to interact and share data with other legacy digital applications. Hence, DLT interoperability is one of the challenges inhibiting widespread adoption of DLT platforms. Yet, the full deployment of DLT systems and digital platforms is still limited since some systems are operating in isolation. DLT has the potential to revolutionize VE by offering transparent, decentralized, trustworthy, data provenance, reliable, and auditable features. The breakthrough of Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT) has enabled the emergence and implementation of a wide range of digital platforms in Virtual Enterprises (VE) which collaborate to provide digital services.
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